Inyandiko ya Dr MUNYANSANGA Olivier/Umwarimu muri PIASS
Martin Luther King ni Umuyamerika wavukiye mu Mujyi wa Atlanta muri Leta ya Georgia ku itariki 15 Mutarama 1929. Yabaye Umupasiteri w’umuprotestani wo mu itorero ry’Ababatista. Ni umuhanga mu by’iyobokamana yabonye impamyabumenyi ihanitse ya Doctorat muri Kaminuza y’i Boston, amaze kurangiza kwandika igitabo yise “A Comparison of the Conceptions of God in the Thinking of Paul Tillich and Henry Nelson Wieman” mu mwaka w’i 1955.
Binyuze mu muryango SCLC (Southern Christian Leadership Conference) yashinze mu 1957, Dr Martin Luther King yaharaniye uburenganzira bw’ikiremwa muntu, agahora avuga ko akarengane gakorewe aho ariho hose kabangamira ubutabera aho ariho hose. Yarwanyije ivangura ryakorerwaga Abirabura akavuga ko nta tegeko ryaboneka risaba umuntu gukunda undi ariko itegeko rishobora kubuza kandi rigahana uhohotera undi. Yarwanyije ubukene, arwanya n’akarengane gashingiye ku bukungu. Kuri we kurwanya ubukene no gufasha abakene bisaba kubanza kwumva impamvu yo kuburwanya bigatuma buri wese ahaguruka akarwanya icyo ari cyo cyose gitera ubukene.
Kugira ngo yumvikanishe ibitekerezo bye yakunze gukoresha ingendo z’amahoro. Ndetse rimwe na rimwe agakoresha n’indirimbo ziririmbwa mu nsengero z’abaprotestani. Izo ngendo z’amahoro zatumye America ihinduka, hashyirwaho amategeko atanga amahirwe kuri bose ntavangura iryo ari ryo ryose ribaye.
Nubwo yamenyekanye cyane mu gihugu cye, yagize abanzi benshi kuko yanenze ku mugaragaro intambara yo muri Vietnam, anenga ivangura ry’uruhu muri Afrika y’Epfo n’Ubukolini bw’Abazungu mu bihugu bya Africa. Ubuyobozi bwa America icyo gihe ntibwamwishimiye kuko hari bamwe bumvaga ko amugizi wa nabi kuko inshuro nyinshi yagiye afatwa agafungwa akamara igihe muri gereza, yaketsweho kandi gukorana n’Abakomuniste.
Ku itariki 10 Ukuboza 1964 yaherewe muri Kaminuza y’i Oslo muri Norvege igihembo cy’Amahoro kitiriwe Nobel. Nyuma y’imyaka ine ku itariki ya 04 Mata 1968 yarasiwe mu Mujyi wi Memphis muri Leta ya Tenessee aho yari yagiye gutegura urugendo rw’amahoro rwo kurwanya ubukene, yitaba Imana afite imyaka 39.
Perezida Lyndon Johnson yashizeho icyunamo mu gihugu hose. Mu mwaka wa 1986 nibwo Perezida Ronald Reagan yagize buri wa Mbere w’Icyumweru cya gatatu cya Mutarama, umunsi wo kwibuka Dr Martin Luther King muri America hose.
Abantu benshi bamugize icyitegererezo cyabo harimo Collin Powel, Jesse Jackson, Nelson Mandela, Desmond Tutu n’abandi benshi mu guharanira impinduka za politiki mu mahoro.
Perezida Barack Obama watorewe kuyobora America mu 2008, yakunze cyane kugaruka ku murage wa Dr Martin Luther King mu mbwirwaruhame ze, kuri we yari Umunyamerika udasanzwe. Ku itariki ya 28 Kanama 2013 nyuma y’imyaka 50 Dr. Martin Luther King ayoboye urugendo rukomeye rw’amahoro i Washington ku itariki 28 Kanama 1963, Perezida Barack Obama yashimiye cyane abitabiriye urwo rugendo mu 1963 abashimira ko, aho kubiba urwango, basengeye ababatotezaga bituma bakingura umuryango w’impinduka muri America. Icyo gihe Dr Martin Luther yibukije abantu ibihumbi 250 bari aho ko afite indoto y’uko umunsi umwe abana be bane bazatura mu gihugu batazareberwamo mu ndorerwamo y’uruhu rwabo ahubwo bakazabarebera ku ndangagaciro n’ubushobozi bwabo.
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Mu ngendo z’amahoro zitandukanye Dr Martin Luther King yayoboye, yagize ubutwari bukomeye bwo kuvugisha ukuri ku ivangura, ubukene n’akarengane byagaragaraga muri America cyane cyane bigakorerwa Abirabura bo muri icyo gihugu. Byageze aho yemera gutanga ubuzima bwe. Kuri we umwijima ntiwirukana undi mwijima, umucyo ni wo ubikora, urwango ntirwiruka urundi rwango ahubwo urukundo ni rwo rubikora. Ikindi kuri we ni uko “urumuri rw’ubutabera rushobora kunyeganyega ariko ntiruzima.”
Ibindi wa kwisomera
1) Houck, D. W., Dixon, D. E. dir., Rhetoric, Religion and the Civil Rights Movement, 1954-1965, Waco (Texas), Baylor University Press, 2006.
2) Jackson, T. F., From Civil Rights to Human Rights: Martin Luther King,Jr., and the Struggle for Economic Justice, Philadelphie, University of Pennsylvania Press, 2007 ;
3) Jackson, T. F., Becoming King: Martin Luther King, Jr. and the Making of a National Leader, Lexington, University Press of Kentucky, 2008.
4) Martin Luther King, Un cri jaillit de tous les coeurs d’un peuple qui a été trop patient, Edition Bayard, 2021.
6) Walker, I., The Assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., Edina (Minnesota), Abdo Publishing Company, 2008.
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Dr MUNYANSANGA Olivier/Umwarimu muri PIASS
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