U Rwanda ku wa Gatanu taliki ya 15 Ukwakira, 2021 rwizihije isabukuru y’imyaka itanu ishize amasezerano ya Montreal avugururiwe i Kigali (Kigali Amendment) mu nama ya 28 yabaye tariki 15/10/2016 ihuje ibihugu byashyize umukono ku masezerano ya Montreal, Minisitiri w’Ibidukikije Dr. Mujawamariya Jeanne d’Arc yasabye ibihugu kubahiriza aya masezerano kugira ngo hagabanuke imyuka yongera ubushyuhe mu kirere.
Dr. Mujawamariya Jeanne d’Arc yavuze ko kwizihiza iyi sabukuru ari umwanya wo kwishimira umusaruro w’amasezerano ya Montreal ndetse n’amavugururwa yayo yakorewe i Kigali, gutekereza ku ngamba zihutirwa mu guhangana n’ikibazo cy’imihindagurikire y’ibihe.
Ati “Amasezerano ya Montreal yavugururiwe i Kigali aramutse yubahirijwe n’isi yose, yagira uruhare mu kugabanya imyuka yongera ubushyuhe mu kirere ingana na toni miriyari 80 z’imyuka ya CO2 kugeza mu mwaka wa 2050, akanagira uruhare mu kugabanya dogere selisiyusi 0.4 ku gipimo cy’ubushyuhe bw’isi kugeza mu mwakwa wa 2100.”
Minisitiri Dr. Mujawamariya yakomeje avuga ko ibi bihujwe n’ingamba zo gukoresha neza ingufu, umusaruro utegerejwe mu masezerano ya Montreal yavugururiwe i Kigali ushobora no kwikuba kabiri.
Mu gihe hategurwa inama y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye yiga ku mihindagurikire y’ibihe COP26, ibihugu by’isi bikeneye cyane kugabanya imyuka yoherezwa mu kirere no kubaka ubudahangarwa ku mihindagurikire y’ibihe.
Dr. Mujawamariya Jeanne d’Arc agira ati “Kwihutisha ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’amasezerano ya Montreal yavuguriwe i Kigali bizihutisha ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ingamba ibihugu by’isi bikomeje kwiyemeza, zinakenewe kugira ngo inama ya COP26 izagende neza. Bizanatuma kandi intego z’igihe kirekire z’amasezerano ya Paris zigerwaho. Kugeza ubu ibihugu 127 nibyo bimaze gushyira umukono ku masezerano ya Montreal yavuguriwe i Kigali. “
Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Ubunyamabanga bushinzwe akayunguruzo k’imirasire y’izuba (Ozone Secretariat) mu muryango w’abibumbye, Megumi Seki yavuze ko yasabye ibihugu 71 bitarashyira umukono kuri aya masezerano kubikora, gukomeza kurinda akayunguruzo k’imirasire y’izuba no kwihutisha ingamba zo kugabanya imihindagurikire y’ibihe.
Ati “Isi ihanze amaso ubuyobozi bw’u Rwanda n’ibindi bihugu kugira ngo amasezerano ya Montreal yavugururiwe i Kigali ashyirwe mu bikorwa kandi agere ku ntego zayo n’inyungu ategerejweho.”
Mu rwego rw’ubufatanye hagati y’ibihugu, Leta y’u Rwanda yateguye inama yitabirwa n’abafatanyabikorwa, abahagarariye ibihugu byabo mu Rwanda ndetse n’impirimbanyi mu kubungabunga ibidukikije hagamijwe kwishimira ibimaze kugerwaho nyuma y’uko amasezerano ya Montreal yavugururiwe i Kigali atangiye gushyirwa mu bikorwa. Iyi nama izanarebera hamwe uko inama ya COP26 izabera mu mujyi wa Glasgow muri Scotland yagenda neza.
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Megumi yongeraho ati “Ndifuza gushimira u Rwanda n’ubuyobozi bwarwo ku bwo gufata iyambere mu gushyiraho ingamba zo gukoresha neza ingufu. Mu nama yabereye i Kigali, u Rwanda ni rwo rwashyigikiye icyemezo cya mbere cyerekeye gukoresha neza ingufu hagendewe ku masezerano ya Montreal yari agamije gusuzuma no gukusanya amakuru kuri iki kibazo, kandi buri mwaka kuva icyo gihe, ibihugu byakomeje gutekereza kuri iki kibazo binatera intambwe yatumye hashyirwaho ikigega ibihugu byashyize umukono ku masezerano ya Montreal bihuriyeho.”
Kwemeza amasezerano ya Montreal yavugururiwe i Kigali mu mwaka wa 2016 byabaye intangiririro y’ibyo u Rwanda rumaze kugeraho mu kugabanya ibinyabutabire bya hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs).
Mu byo u Rwanda rwagezeho harimo gushyira umukono kuri iryo vugururwa, kwemeza ingamba z’igihugu zo gukonjesha habungabungwa ibidukikije (National Cooling Strategy), gushyiraho ikigo gishinzwe ibijyanye no gukonjesha mu buryo burambye (Africa Centre of Excellence in Sustainable Cooling and Cold Chain – ACES) muri Kaminuza y’ u Rwanda, ndetse no gushyiraho uburyo bw’ikoranabuhanga bwifashishwa mu gusaba uruhushya rwo kwinjiza ibikoresho bikonjesha mu Rwanda no kubyandikisha.
Ivugurura ry’i Kigali ryatanze kandi amahirwe yo gushyiraho ingamba zo gukoresha neza ingufu mu gukonjesha. Gusimbura ibinyabutabire bya hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) na byo byatanze amahirwe yo kuvugurura ibikoresho bikonjesha n’ibitanga amafu kugira ngo bikoreshe ingufu nke, kandi bikonjeshe uko bikwiye bidateza ingaruka mbi ku kirere.
Kugabanya ibinyabutabire bya HFCs no kunoza uburyo bwo gukonjesha by’umwihariko mu bihugu nk’u Rwanda, bizanagira uruhare mu kurwanya iyangirika ry’ibiribwa kuko kimwe cya gatatu cy’ibiribwa ku isi yose bimenwa cyangwa bikangirika buri mwaka, bitewe ahanini no kubura uburyo bwo gukonjesha.
Ibiribwa bimenwa n’ibyangirika buri mwaka bifite agaciro kabarirwa mu ma miliyari y’amadorari. Uretse kwangiza umutungo kamere w’ubutaka, amazi n’ingufu, ibyo biribwa bimenwa n’ibyangirika byongera imyuka yongera ubushyuhe mu kirere ku gipimo kibarirwa ku 8%.
Amasezerano ya Montreal yavugururiwe i Kigali yemejwe n’inama ya 28 y’ibihugu byashyize umukono ku masezerano ya Montreal yabaye tariki 15 Ukwakira 2016 i Kigali, mu Rwanda.
Iri vugurura ryashyize ikinyabutabire cya HFC ku rutonde rw’ibinyabutabire bigenzurwa n’ayo masezerano bigomba guhagarikwa. Guhagarika icyo kinyabutabire byitezweho kugabanya imyuka yongera ubushyuhe mu kirere ingana na toni zisaga miriyoni 105 z’imyuka ya CO2, bikagira uruhare mu kugabanya dogere selisius 0.4 ku gipimo cy’ubushyuhe bw’isi kugeza mu mwakwa wa 20100, hanakomeza kurinda akayunguruzo k’imirasire y’izuba.
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