Min Bamporiki ati “Baramuhitanye bo kabura icyo batarabona”, Byinshi kuri Mutara III Rudahigwa

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Tariki  ya 25 Nyakanga 1959 Abanyarwanda bayibukiraho byinshi kuko ari bwo umunsi w’umwijima wacuze u Rwanda, benshi bacika ururondogoro kubera itanga ry’Umwami Mutara III Rudahigwa, wari uguye Usumbura (Bujumbura y’ubu), icyo gihe byari Rwanda -Urundi.

Imyaka 62 irashize kuva mu 1959  kugera tariki ya 25 Nyakanga 2021, Umwami Rudahigwa atanze. Urupfu rwe rwateje urujijo kugeza n’ubu.

Kuri iyi tariki Umunyamabanga wa Leta muri Minisiteri y’Urubyiruko n’Umuco, Hon Bamporiki Edouard yaciye amarenga ko yahitanywe nubwo ateruye ngo avuge abamwishe, ni mu butuma yanyujije kuri Twitter.

Yateruye avuga ko tariki 25 Nyakanga 1959, itakwibagirana kubera ko yatumye u Rwanda rucika umugongo kubera inkuru y’incamugongo yari itashye ihatashye iturutse mu gihugu cy’u Burundi.

Hon Bamporiki yanditse ati  “25 Nyakanga, Abagabo bogoshe inkomborera! Imbyeyi zitandukanywa n’izazo, imfizi zikurwa mu nyana. Abakuru bati “Ijuru riraguye!”  Abiru bati “U Rwanda rugize ibyago kabiri, Umwami wacu atanze adutunguye.” Baramuhitanye bo kabure icyo batarabona.”

Minisitiri Bamporiki yaboneye kwifuriza Umwami Mutara III Rudahigwa kuruhukira mu mahoro mu Kinyarwanda ati “Teka ijabiro, Mutara III Rudahigwa.”

Urupfu rw’Umwami Mutara III Rudahigwa rwasize urujijo, ariko benshi barushinja Ababiligi kuko yari amaze iminsi atangiye urugendo rwo gushakira ubwigenge Abanyarwanda, ibintu bitari byishimwe n’ingoma ya gikoloni.

 

Icyegeranyo ku Umwami Mutara III Rudahigwa

Mu gihe u Rwanda rwibuka itanga rye, UMUSEKE wabegeranyije byinshi ku rugendo rw’Umwami Mutara III Rudahigwa kuva muri Werurwe 1911 ubwo yavukaga kugeza tariki ya 25 Nyakanga 1959 ubwo yatangaga.

Mu nyandiko zifashishijwe harimo n’inyandiko ya Komisiyo y’Igihugu y’Ubumwe n’Ubwiyunge “Amateka y’u Rwanda” cyane cyane ku itanga rya Rudahigwa.

Umwami Mutara wa III Rudahigwa, yavukiye i Nyanza, mu Karere ka Nyanza, mu Ntara y’Amajyepfo, hari muri Werurwe 1911. Akaba umuhungu w’Umwami Yuhi IV Musinga na Nyiramavugo Kankazi wabatijwe n’Abera, Redegonde.

Nk’abandi basore byongeye akaba umuzungura w’ingoma ngari, Rudahigwa yagombaga gushaka umugore uzamubyarira umuzungura w’ingoma. Umunyarwanda yaciye umugani ati “unaniwe n’urushako ishavu arigira impamba!”

Ntitwavuga ko Rudahigwa ishavu yarigize impamba, ariko ntiyahiriwe n’urushako kuko abagore bose bashakanye nta n’umwe wigeze amubyari akana.

Umwami Rudahigwa yabanje gushakana na Nyiramakomali mu 1933, nyuma y’imyaka 7 mu 1940 aramusenda kubera kubura urubyaro.

Nyuma gato y’isendwa rya Nyiramakomali abakobwa bo gutoranyamo Umwamikazi baratumijwe I Bwami. Ubwo bamucaga imbere bambaye, umwe muri bo yagize isoni asuka amarira, Rudahigwa arabimushimira aba ari we ahitamo. Uwo yari Gicanda Rosalia babanye kuva mu 1942 kugeza atanze, ariko na we nta mwana bigeze babyarana.

 

Iyimikwa ku ngoma rya Rudahigwa

Umwami Mutara III Rudahigwa yabaye Umwami wa mbere w’u Rwanda wimye ingoma kandi se akiriho mu 1931, ni nyuma y’uko se Umwami Yuhi IV Musinga aciwe mu Rwanda n’Abazungu, b’Abakoloni.

Rudahigwa yimitswe ku ngoma na Guverineri Voisin abifashijwemo na Musenyeri Classe. Tariki ya 17 Ukwakira 1943, yabatijwe na Musenyeri Léon Classe, maze kuva ubwo aba abaye Umwami wa mbere ubatijwe, ahabwa amazina ya Charles Léon Pierre, abyarwa muri batisimu na Guverineri Mukuru wa Kongo Mbiligi na Rwanda-Urundi, Pierre Ryckmans.

Abatizwa na nyina Umugabekazi Nyiramavugo Kankazi byabaye uko maze we yitwa Radegonde.

 

Imitegekere n’imiyoborere y’Umwami Mutara III Rudahigwa

Umwami Rudahigwa yategetse u Rwanda mu gihe cy’Imyaka 18 kuva mu 1931 kugeza ubwo yatangaga mu 1959. Ni umwe mu bami b’u Rwanda bagerageje kumvikana na Kiliziya Gatolika na Leta Mbiligi, kugeza n’aho atuye Kirisitu Umwami ingoma z’u Rwanda i Nyanza ku munsi wa Kirisitu Umwami ku wa 27 Ukwakira 1946, ni nyuma y’uko yari yaramaze kwemera kubatizwa.

Umwami Mutara wa III Rudahigwa yaharaniye guteza imbere imibereho y’Abanyarwanda n’ubwigenge bw’u Rwanda, ari na byo byatumye aba umwami umwe rukumbi washyizwe mu gitabo cy’Intwari z’u Rwanda.  Yaranzwe kandi no kurwanya akarengane mu butabera abigaragariza mu Rukiko rw’Umwami no mu mirimo ya buri munsi, aho yirirwaga arenganura abaturage.

Umwami Rudahigwa yitaye cyane ku bujijuke bw’Abanyarwanda, aho yashinze ikigega cyamwitiriwe Fonds Mutara. Yasabye Abayezuwiti gushinga Koleji i Gatagara, ariko baza kuyijyana i Bujumbura iba Collège International du Saint Esprit.

Ishuri ry’Abayisilamu ku Ntwari ry’i Nyamirambo, ugashyiraho Ecoles Laïques, Ishuri ry’Abenemutara ry’i Kanyanza ni amwe mu yo yashinze. Ni we Mwami wabashije kohereza Abanyarwanda ba mbere kwiga i Burayi.

Mutara III Rudahigwa,  yatangije impinduramatwara muri politike y’u Rwanda, maze akuraho inkuke zakamirwaga Umwami yishakira ize bwite, akuraho imirimo y’agahato yitwaga akazi, akuraho ubuhake abagaragu bagabana na ba shebuja ikintu cyamwangishije benshi.

Yashatse gukuraho igitabo cy’umusoro cyanditsemo amoko ariko Ababiligi barabyanga.

Rudahigwa yahirimbaniye ubumwe n’ubwigenge by’Abanyarwanda ari byo byamushyize mu Ntwari z’u Rwanda zibukwa tariki ya 1 Gashyantare buri mwaka, aho abarizwa mu cyiciro cy’IMENA.

 

Itanga ry’umwami Mutara III Rudahigwa

Umwami Mutara III Rudahigwa yatanze tariki ya 25 Nyakanga 1959, aguye i Bujumbura mu buryo budasobanutse. Ibyateye urupfu rwe na n’ubu biracyari urujijo.

Bamwe bavuga ko Umwami yazize urushinge rwa penisirini, abandi bakavuga ko yazize kuva amaraso mu bwonko, abandi  ntibatinya kuvuga ko yitanze mu bintu by’umuhango. Ku Banyarwanda bamwe, urwo rupfu barufata nk’urusanzwe.

Umwami amaze gutanga habaye inama nyinshi ariko mu ibanga, urugero abayobozi b’Abahutu bahuriye mu Ruhengeri,  bashakaga kumvikana ku mwanzuro babwira Ababiligi urebana n’imiyoborere mishya ya politiki y’igihugu. Abayobozi b’Ababiligi na bo bari mu nama i Nyanza aho Rezida (resident) w’u Rwanda yakoresheje inama nyinshi n’abakozi be.

Ku rundi ruhande Abanyarwanda bari bashyigikiye ubwami na bo bakoze inama. Ababiligi bashakaga ko hacamo igihe gito ntihahite hashyirwaho umusimbura.

Mbere yo gutabarizwa k’umwami, umwiru yahise avuga izina ry’usimbura Rudahigwa, uwo yari Yohani Batisita Ndahindurwa, wagombaga kwima ingoma ku izina ry’ubwami rya Kigeri V, nk’uko Padiri Alex Kagame yabyanditse ko ari we wari wifujwe na Rudahigwa.

Ingingo ya 15 y’itegeko ryo mu 1952, yavugaga ko Umwami ari umuntu wemejwe n’umuco, ariko ntashobora gukora imirimo ye atarimikwa ku mugaragaro na Guverineri.

Kwimikwa kwa Yohani Batisita Ndahindurwa na Guverineri byabaye tariki ya 9 Ukwakira 1959. Ni mu muhango Umwami mushya yarahiriyemo ndetse anemera ku mugaragaro ko azaba umwami uganje gusa. Ariko ibyo ntibyagaruye icyizere kuko imibanire ya Leta Mbiligi n’ubwami yakomeje gusubira inyuma.

Ubwo Rudahigwa yatangaga yarimo guteganya gukorera urugendo ku cyicaro cy’Umuryango w’Abibumbye i New York, muri Leta Zunze ubumwe za America (USA), aho yari agiye gusaba ko u Rwanda rwakwigobotora ingoma ya gikoloni.

 

Utuntu n’utundi

Umwami Mutara III Rudahigwa ni we mwami wenyinye u Rwanda rwagize wabashije kwiga, aho yigishirijjwe mu ishuri ry’abana b’abatware ndetse n’amasomo y’inyigisho za Kiliziya Gatolika yaherewe i Kibeho.

Rudahigwa yakundaga siporo cyane nubwo yari itaramamara mu gihe cye, ntibyamubuzaga gukina Tennis n’umupira w’amaguru. Yari afite ikipe ya Football yari igizwe n’abana b’abatware yitwaga AMAREGURA, aho yajya ikina n’ikipe y’Abazungu baba mu Rwanda.

Rudahigwa ni we Mwami wa mbere w’u Rwanda watunze imodoka ye bwite aho yanitwaraga, amateka avuga ko ubwo yerekezaga i Burundi akagwayo ari we wari wagiye ayitwaye.

Umwami Mutara III Rudahigwa yabashije kwambuka inyanja ajya mu Bubiligi n’indege, aba uwa mbere mu Bami b’u Rwanda wari ukoze urugendo rwo mu kirere. Ni urugendo rwabaye mu mpera za 1949, aho yajyanye n’Umwamikazi Gicanda.

NKURUNZIZA Jean Baptiste
UMUSEKE.RW